1990.243 Salakmana (Shalako maiden) (Arizona, Hopi)



GENERAL DESCRIPTION  
For the Hopi, the word kachina (katsina) refers to three distinct but related entities: the invisible spirits who are an essential part of Hopi life, the personification of those spirits in ceremonial dances, and the carved and decorated dolls that the kachinas give to infants and women. Kachinas serve as intermediaries between the supernatural and human realms. They are generally bringers of clouds, rain, and all good things.
 
Kachinas (katsinam) present themselves in our world for the annual period falling just after the winter solstice and concluding after the summer solstice. For the remainder of the year, these ancestral spirits occupy an underworld accessed through the sipapu, or vertical entranceway.

This large kachina (katsina) doll depicts Salakmana, or Shalako Maiden. The representation of Salakmana is identifiable by the terraced symbols of clouds and lightning in her headdress, which connect her with rains and abundance. A corn cob across her forehead refers to productive crops and harvests. On this representation, Salakmana wears a typical dress with belt and shoulder mantle, as well as a long necklace with three pendants.

Adapted from
  • Kimberly L. Jones, PhD, Hopi Visions: Journey of the Human Spirit, Gallery text [Kachina (katsina)], 2018.
  • Kimberly L. Jones, PhD, Hopi Visions: Journey of the Human Spirit, Label text, 2018.

NOTES
Hopi, 1952 (noted on TMS), updated by KJones on 04/10/17, 06/05/17, 06/19/17, and 10/19/17.

Catalogue essays

Artist/designers

Cultures
Hopi: AAT: 300017763
Southwestern North American styles (Pre-Columbian): AAT: 300016920
Pueblo (Native American style): AAT: 300017746

Geography 
Arizona (state): TGN: 7006451
Southwest (general region): TGN: 4010660

Process/materials
wood (plant material): AAT: 300011914
paint (coating): AAT: 300015029
feather (material): AAT: 300011809
shell (animal material): AAT: 300011829
wool (textile): AAT: 300243430
wool (hair material): AAT: 300014074
pigment: AAT: 300013109
carving: AAT: 300053149

Historical periods

Individuals

Subject terms
sculpture: AAT: 300047090
ceremonial objects: AAT: 300234117
figurine: AAT: 300047455
kachina / katsina dolls (figurines): AAT: 300211323
effigies (funerary sculpture): AAT: 300047108
tihu (kachina / katsina dolls): DMA
educational functions: AAT: 300132460
figures: AAT: 300189808
black (color): AAT: 300130920
red (color): AAAT: 300126225
brown (color): AAT: 300127490
yellow (color): AAT: 300127794
white (color): AAT: 300129784
purple (color): AAT: 300130257
orange (color): AAT: 300126734
blue (color): AAT: 300129361
geometric motifs: AAT: 300009764
geometric patterns: AAT: 300165213
geometric shape: AAT: 300263819
lines (geometric concept): AAT: 300056279
triangles (polygons): AAT: 300009806
rectangles (parallelograms): AAT: 300055636
zigzags (geometric patterns): AAT: 300165028
step pattern: AAT: 300010229
linear forms: AAT: 300234452
ceremonies: AAT: 300054754
spirit: AAT: 300379007
supernatural (concepts): AAT: 300055947
deities: AAT: 300343850
clouds: AAT: 300343840
rain (precipitation / water): AAT: 300055377
lightning: AAT: 300068795
dance (discipline): AAT: 300054144
dancing: AAT: 300389779
infants (children): AAT: 300189561
women (female humans): AAT: 300025943
men (male humans): AAT: 300025928
masks (costume): AAT: 300138758
costume: AAT: 300209261
ritual (events): AAT: 300065284
seasons: AAT: 300133091
headdress: AAT: 300046023
necklaces: AAT: 300046001
pendants (jewelry): AAT: 300046002
corn (zea mays species): AAT: 377375398
maize (plant/zea mays species): AAT: 300375398
dresses (garments): AAT: 300046159
belts (bandas / cinturones / costume accessories): AAT: 300210002
blankets (poncho / manga / q'uul (kul) / coverings): AAT: 300197367
mantles (lliclla / outerwear): AAT: 300212298
moccasins (shoes): AAT: 300210037
boots (footwear): AAT: 300046057
tableta (Hopi ceremonial headdress): DMA
Salakmana (Shalako Maiden/Hopi kachina): DMA
fertility: AAT: 300379149

RELATED OBJECTS

PROVENANCE 
From 1990: Dallas Museum of Art, gift of The Dozier Foundation [1]

[1] The main source for this provenance is existing information in TMS. Exceptions and other supporting documents are noted.

AUDIO ASSETS 

VIDEO ASSETS

IMAGE ASSETS

WEB RESOURCES 

ARCHIVAL RESOURCES

FUN FACTS

TEACHING IDEAS

RULES
Apply to objects where number equals 1990.243

Category
rules_operator
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General Description
 
For the Hopi, the word kachina (katsina) refers to three distinct but related entities: the invisible spirits who are an essential part of Hopi life, the personification of those spirits in ceremonial dances, and the carved and decorated dolls that the kachinas give to infants and women. Kachinas serve as intermediaries between the supernatural and human realms. They are generally bringers of clouds, rain, and all good things.
 
Kachinas (katsinam) present themselves in our world for the annual period falling just after the winter solstice and concluding after the summer solstice. For the remainder of the year, these ancestral spirits occupy an underworld accessed through the sipapu, or vertical entranceway.

This large kachina (katsina) doll depicts Salakmana, or Shalako Maiden. The representation of Salakmana is identifiable by the terraced symbols of clouds and lightning in her headdress, which connect her with rains and abundance. A corn cob across her forehead refers to productive crops and harvests. On this representation, Salakmana wears a typical dress with belt and shoulder mantle, as well as a long necklace with three pendants.

Adapted from
  • Kimberly L. Jones, PhD, Hopi Visions: Journey of the Human Spirit, Gallery text [Kachina (katsina)], 2018.
  • Kimberly L. Jones, PhD, Hopi Visions: Journey of the Human Spirit, Label text, 2018.

Fun Facts

Archival Resources

Web Resources
 

Notes
Hopi, 1952 (noted on TMS), updated by KJones on 04/10/17, 06/05/17, 06/19/17, and 10/19/17.

Catalogue essays

Artist/designers

Cultures
Hopi: AAT: 300017763
Southwestern North American styles (Pre-Columbian): AAT: 300016920
Pueblo (Native American style): AAT: 300017746

Geography 
Arizona (state): TGN: 7006451
Southwest (general region): TGN: 4010660

Process/materials
wood (plant material): AAT: 300011914
paint (coating): AAT: 300015029
feather (material): AAT: 300011809
shell (animal material): AAT: 300011829
wool (textile): AAT: 300243430
wool (hair material): AAT: 300014074
pigment: AAT: 300013109
carving: AAT: 300053149

Historical periods

Individuals

Subject terms
sculpture: AAT: 300047090
ceremonial objects: AAT: 300234117
figurine: AAT: 300047455
kachina / katsina dolls (figurines): AAT: 300211323
effigies (funerary sculpture): AAT: 300047108
tihu (kachina / katsina dolls): DMA
educational functions: AAT: 300132460
figures: AAT: 300189808
black (color): AAT: 300130920
red (color): AAAT: 300126225
brown (color): AAT: 300127490
yellow (color): AAT: 300127794
white (color): AAT: 300129784
purple (color): AAT: 300130257
orange (color): AAT: 300126734
blue (color): AAT: 300129361
geometric motifs: AAT: 300009764
geometric patterns: AAT: 300165213
geometric shape: AAT: 300263819
lines (geometric concept): AAT: 300056279
triangles (polygons): AAT: 300009806
rectangles (parallelograms): AAT: 300055636
zigzags (geometric patterns): AAT: 300165028
step pattern: AAT: 300010229
linear forms: AAT: 300234452
ceremonies: AAT: 300054754
spirit: AAT: 300379007
supernatural (concepts): AAT: 300055947
deities: AAT: 300343850
clouds: AAT: 300343840
rain (precipitation / water): AAT: 300055377
lightning: AAT: 300068795
dance (discipline): AAT: 300054144
dancing: AAT: 300389779
infants (children): AAT: 300189561
women (female humans): AAT: 300025943
men (male humans): AAT: 300025928
masks (costume): AAT: 300138758
costume: AAT: 300209261
ritual (events): AAT: 300065284
seasons: AAT: 300133091
headdress: AAT: 300046023
necklaces: AAT: 300046001
pendants (jewelry): AAT: 300046002
corn (zea mays species): AAT: 377375398
maize (plant/zea mays species): AAT: 300375398
dresses (garments): AAT: 300046159
belts (bandas / cinturones / costume accessories): AAT: 300210002
blankets (poncho / manga / q'uul (kul) / coverings): AAT: 300197367
mantles (lliclla / outerwear): AAT: 300212298
moccasins (shoes): AAT: 300210037
boots (footwear): AAT: 300046057
tableta (Hopi ceremonial headdress): DMA
Salakmana (Shalako Maiden/Hopi kachina): DMA
fertility: AAT: 300379149

RELATED OBJECTS

PROVENANCE 
From 1990: Dallas Museum of Art, gift of The Dozier Foundation [1]

[1] The main source for this provenance is existing information in TMS. Exceptions and other supporting documents are noted.

AUDIO ASSETS 

VIDEO ASSETS

rules
Apply To
Objects
number
Equals
1990.243
tags
#draft
#completed
@Higgins
*Arts of the Americas
~American Indian
%copyedited_Gail
fertility: AAT: 300379149
women: AAT: 300025943
sculpture: AAT: 300047090
necklaces: AAT: 300046001
paint (coating): AAT: 300015029
effigies (funerary sculpture): AAT: 300047108
figurine: AAT: 300047455
figures (representations): AAT: 300189808
effigies (general portraits): 300404933
%Archived
deities: AAT: 300343850
linear forms: AAT: 300234452
masks (costume): AAT: 300138758
ceremonial objects: AAT: 300234117
geometric motifs: AAT: 300009764
men: AAT: 300025928
shell (animal material): AAT: 300011829
carving (processes): AAT: 300053149
geometric patterns: AAT: 300165213
ritual (events): AAT: 300065284
headdresses: AAT: 300046023
ceremonies: AAT: 300054754
lines (geometric concept): AAT: 300056279
Southwest (general region/United States): TGN: 4010660
white (color): AAT: 300129784
yellow (color): AAT: 300127794
blue (color): AAT: 300129361
wood (plant material): AAT: 300011914
pendants (jewelry): AAT: 300046002
red (color): AAT: 300126225
clouds: AAT: 300343840
rectangles (parallelograms): AAT: 300055636
triangles (polygons): AAT: 300009806
geometric shape: AAT: 300263819
supernatural (concepts): AAT: 300055947
brown (color): AAT: 300127490
infants (children): AAT: 300189561
rain (precipitation / weather): AAT: 300055377
step pattern: AAT: 300010229
maize (plant/zea mays species): AAT: 300375398
zigzags (geometric patterns): AAT: 300165028
orange (color): AAT: 300126734
dresses (garments): AAT: 300046159
black (color): AAT: 300130920
Southwestern North American styles (Pre-Columbian): AAT: 300016920
Arizona (state/United States): TGN: 7006451
lightning: AAT: 300068795
feather (material): AAT: 300011809
dance (discipline): AAT: 300054144
costume: AAT: 300209261
belts (bandas / cinturones / costume accessories): AAT: 300210002
blankets (poncho / manga / q'uul (kul) / coverings): AAT: 300197367
boots (footwear): AAT: 300046057
pigment: AAT: 300013109
Pueblo (Native American style): AAT: 300017746
spirit: AAT: 300379007
Hopi: AAT: 300017763
purple (color): AAT: 300130257
seasons: AAT: 300133091
wool (textile): AAT: 300243430
wool (hair material): AAT: 300014074
mantles (lliclla / outerwear): AAT: 300212298
dancing: AAT: 300389779
educational functions: AAT: 300132460
corn (plant/zea mays species): AAT: 300375398
kachina / katsina dolls (figurines): AAT: 300211323
tihu (kachina / katsina dolls): DMA
tableta (Hopi ceremonial headdress): DMA
moccasins (shoes): AAT: 300210037
Salakmana (Shalako Maiden/Hopi kachina): DMA
source file
object_notes_3_d-0021.xml.nores