Chichicastenango: Highland Guatemalan Textiles

GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Chichicastenango, in Guatemala's highlands, is famous for for its handwoven textiles. They are famously showcased at the church of Santo Tomás, a regional market held on Thursdays and Sundays.  At their best, the textiles exemplify the balance of technical skill and aesthetic merit that distinguishes Guatemala's finest weaving styles.  In Chichicastenango, tradition guides both design and composition for the woman's "huipil" and the ceremonial headcloth ("su't " or "tzute"). 

Square cloths (su'ts) of various sizes are indispensable to the Maya women of Chichicastenango, who use them as carrying cloths for anything from children to purchases in the market, as shawls for warmth, or, folded and placed atop the head, as protection from the sun.  Although several different words have been used by the women themselves to designate these textiles--su't (tzute), servilleta, perraje—the literature on Guatemalan weaving generally applies the word su't to the larger, basically red, striped textiles su'ts and servilleta to the smaller squares, which are generally white with contrasting stripe units. 

During the 20th century, these textiles have consistently featured densely patterned rectangular blocks in a symmetrical composition, while the favored designs have changed gradually from double-headed birds to horizontal zigzags to, most recently, floral fantasies. The pattern areas of Chichicastenango textiles usually follow strict rules of size and placement, but the square cloths (su'tsshow greater freedom in the choice and placement of motifs and overall composition. Chichicastenango textiles of this type are invariably charming.  Figures are whimsically treated; feet, for example, are depicted similarly, regardless of whether the bodies that develop above them are human or animal.  Motifs often show unexpected juxtapositions and abrupt yet compatible changes in scale. Individuality is apparent in the rendering of the motifs, the asymmetry of the composition, and in the attention to negative space.

Adapted from
  • Carol Robbins, "Huipil, probably for a figure of the Virgin of the Rosary (1982.145)," in Dallas Museum of Art: A Guide to the Collection, ed. Suzanne Kotz (Dallas, Texas: Dallas Museum of Art, 1997), 202.
  • Carol Robbins, Label Text, "Textile Traditions of Guatemala: Chichicastenango," 1984 (recorded in TMS, Notes / Label Text)

NOTES
  • RULES NEED WORK, NEED GEOGRAPHY FUNCTIONAL
  • NOTE: Please use image in DMA collections. (See rules)
  • 8/22/18: revised rules with geography functionality- CLC. 

IMAGE ASSETS 

WEB RESOURCES 

ARCHIVAL RESOURCES

FUN FACTS 

TEACHING IDEAS 

RULES
apply to objects where geography_ancestor_id equals 1016635
apply to objects where classification_name contains textiles
apply to content where content contains Chichicastenango



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General Description
Chichicastenango, in Guatemala's highlands, is famous for for its handwoven textiles. They are famously showcased at the church of Santo Tomás, a regional market held on Thursdays and Sundays.  At their best, the textiles exemplify the balance of technical skill and aesthetic merit that distinguishes Guatemala's finest weaving styles.  In Chichicastenango, tradition guides both design and composition for the woman's "huipil" and the ceremonial headcloth ("su't " or "tzute"). 

Square cloths (su'ts) of various sizes are indispensable to the Maya women of Chichicastenango, who use them as carrying cloths for anything from children to purchases in the market, as shawls for warmth, or, folded and placed atop the head, as protection from the sun.  Although several different words have been used by the women themselves to designate these textiles--su't (tzute), servilleta, perraje—the literature on Guatemalan weaving generally applies the word su't to the larger, basically red, striped textiles su'ts and servilleta to the smaller squares, which are generally white with contrasting stripe units. 

During the 20th century, these textiles have consistently featured densely patterned rectangular blocks in a symmetrical composition, while the favored designs have changed gradually from double-headed birds to horizontal zigzags to, most recently, floral fantasies. The pattern areas of Chichicastenango textiles usually follow strict rules of size and placement, but the square cloths (su'tsshow greater freedom in the choice and placement of motifs and overall composition. Chichicastenango textiles of this type are invariably charming.  Figures are whimsically treated; feet, for example, are depicted similarly, regardless of whether the bodies that develop above them are human or animal.  Motifs often show unexpected juxtapositions and abrupt yet compatible changes in scale. Individuality is apparent in the rendering of the motifs, the asymmetry of the composition, and in the attention to negative space.

Adapted from
  • Carol Robbins, "Huipil, probably for a figure of the Virgin of the Rosary (1982.145)," in Dallas Museum of Art: A Guide to the Collection, ed. Suzanne Kotz (Dallas, Texas: Dallas Museum of Art, 1997), 202.
  • Carol Robbins, Label Text, "Textile Traditions of Guatemala: Chichicastenango," 1984 (recorded in TMS, Notes / Label Text)

Fun Facts
 
Archival Resources

Web Resources
 

Notes
rules
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1016635
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Chichicastenango
tags
birds (animals): AAT: 300266506
#draft
#completed
@Higgins
animals (Animalia kingdom): AAT: 300249395
%copyedited_Gail
birds (motifs): AAT: 300375751
geometric motifs: AAT: 300009764
Maya: AAT: 300017826
textiles (visual works): AAT: 300014063
*Latin American Art
plant-derived motifs: AAT: 300164599
weaving: AAT: 300053642
textile art (visual works): AAT: 300386843
flower (motif): AAT: 300375563
silk (textile): AAT: 300243428
shawls (perraje / outwear): AAT: 300209991
textile materials: AAT: 300231565
embroidering: AAT: 300053653
warp: AAT: 300227930
weft: AAT: 300227934
cotton (fiber): AAT: 300183670
folk art (traditional art): 300056487
Guatemala (nation): TGN: 7005493
clothing: AAT: 300266639
selvedge (textile components): AAT: 300227893
blouses (main garments): AAT: 300046133
huipils (tunics / main garments): AAT: 300410449
backstrap looms (textile tools): AAT: 300023507
headcloths (headgear): AAT: 300213003
wool (textile): AAT: 300243430
wool (hair material): AAT: 300014074
hand weaving: AAT: 300053643
su't / tzut(e) (headcloth / carrying cloth / shawl / kerchief / head covering): DMA
Quiché (K'iche') (Maya / Native Highland Mexican and Guatemalan styles): AAT: 300017846
Quiché (department): TGN: 7005490
Chichicastenango (Guatemala): TGN: 1016635
source file
materials_and_techniques-0120.xml.nores