2004.55.McD Tunic with profile heads and stepped frets (Peru, Wari)


GENERAL DESCRIPTION  
This impressive tunic reflects a pattern common to Huari (Wari) provincial textiles. The pattern pairs animate faces—which bear black-and-white bifurcated eyes, eye stripes, and “N”-form fanged teeth—with a ubiquitous motif in ancient Andean arts: the step-and-fret. The pattern color pairings reflect and rotate across the diagonal blocks, creating oblique lines that radiate outward from the central seam. The meaning of these paired colors and visual motifs remains uncertain; however, they may allude to dualities between landscape/fertility and hunting/warfare.

The complexity and consistency of this pattern support its association with a particular status of individuals. While highland Huari elite tunics consist primarily of finely woven camelid fiber, this face-fret tunic features cotton warps overlain by camelid fiber wefts. Ceramic effigies dressed in such tunics may suggest military association or status.

Adapted from 
Kimberly L. Jones, PhD, Inca: Conquests of the Andes / Los Incas y las conquistas de los Andes, Label text, 2015. 

NOTES
  • Wari (Huari), Middle Horizon, A.D. 650-800updated by KJones in TMS on 10/15/13, 01/03/14, 06/19/14.
  • Updated geography and dates in TMS to reflect Inca label -- Perú: south-central highlands or coast, A.D. 850–950.
  • Noted in TMS, Notes / Text Entries, Other (see remarks) -- Provenance Note / Collection History: A letter from Michael Rodman of Berkeley, California to Steve Berger describes the tunic as having been collected by his father, Edwin P. Rodman, during the period of his work as a missionary in Bolivia-between 1951 and 1985. Edwin Rodman developed an interest in Aymara and ancient Andean art and culture during the late 1950s and early 1960s. He purchased ceramics and textiles in Chile and Argentina as well as Bolivia. It is not known precisely when or in which country he obtained the tunic. Michael Rodman remembers seeing textiles in the family home in Kansas in 1962, but he does not mention the tunic specifically. Edwin Rodman died in August, 2000. Michael Rodman found the tunic among his father's belongings and consigned the textile to Steve Berger, whom he had met in Bolivia during the early 1980s, when the younger Rodman was teaching in the American International School in La Paz. Source: Noted in TMS Object Record [Carol Robbins, 12/2/2004].

Catalogue essays

Artist/designers

Cultures

Geography 

Process/materials

Historical periods

Individuals

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RELATED OBJECTS 

PROVENANCE 
After 1951-d. 2000: Edwin P. Rodman (d. 2000), collected during the period of his work as a missionary in Bolivia between 1951 and 1985 [1]

2000-early 2000s: his son, Daniel Weller, Berkeley, California, by inheritance [1]

early 2000s-2004: Arte Textil (Steve Berger), San Francisco, on consignment from the above [1], [2]

From 2004: Dallas Museum of Art, The Eugene and Margaret McDermott Art Fund, Inc., in honor of Carol Robbins' 40th anniversary with the Dallas Museum of Art, purchased from Steve Berger (Thomas Murray, agent for Steve Berger), Arte Textil, San Francisco [1], [2], [3]

[1] The main source for this provenance was existing provenance information in TMS. Exceptions and other supporting documents are noted.

[2] The main source for this provenance is a letter from John R. Lane, The Eugene McDermott Director of the Dallas Museum of Art to Mrs. Eugene McDermott (dated December 22, 2004, copy in Dallas Museum of Art Collections Records Object File). Exceptions and other supporting documents are noted.

[3] Works of art given or purchased by The Eugene and Margaret McDermott Art Fund, Inc., a non-profit organization, are placed in the custody of the DMA for the purpose of public display on the premises of the Museum or in other recognized art galleries or museum. The title to all works of art purchased (or otherwise acquired) by the McDermott Art Fund remains with the Fund.

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WEB RESOURCES 
The Metropolitan Museum of Art~Read more about dualism in Andean Art. 

ARCHIVAL RESOURCES

FUN FACTS

TEACHING IDEAS

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General Description
 
This impressive tunic reflects a pattern common to Huari (Wari) provincial textiles. The pattern pairs animate faces—which bear black-and-white bifurcated eyes, eye stripes, and “N”-form fanged teeth—with a ubiquitous motif in ancient Andean arts: the step-and-fret. The pattern color pairings reflect and rotate across the diagonal blocks, creating oblique lines that radiate outward from the central seam. The meaning of these paired colors and visual motifs remains uncertain; however, they may allude to dualities between landscape/fertility and hunting/warfare.

The complexity and consistency of this pattern support its association with a particular status of individuals. While highland Huari elite tunics consist primarily of finely woven camelid fiber, this face-fret tunic features cotton warps overlain by camelid fiber wefts. Ceramic effigies dressed in such tunics may suggest military association or status.

Adapted from 
Kimberly L. Jones, PhD, Inca: Conquests of the Andes / Los Incas y las conquistas de los Andes, Label text, 2015. 

Fun Facts

Archival Resources

Web Resources
 
The Metropolitan Museum of Art~Read more about dualism in Andean Art. 

Notes
  • Wari (Huari), Middle Horizon, A.D. 650-800updated by KJones in TMS on 10/15/13, 01/03/14, 06/19/14.
  • Updated geography and dates in TMS to reflect Inca label -- Perú: south-central highlands or coast, A.D. 850–950.
  • Noted in TMS, Notes / Text Entries, Other (see remarks) -- Provenance Note / Collection History: A letter from Michael Rodman of Berkeley, California to Steve Berger describes the tunic as having been collected by his father, Edwin P. Rodman, during the period of his work as a missionary in Bolivia-between 1951 and 1985. Edwin Rodman developed an interest in Aymara and ancient Andean art and culture during the late 1950s and early 1960s. He purchased ceramics and textiles in Chile and Argentina as well as Bolivia. It is not known precisely when or in which country he obtained the tunic. Michael Rodman remembers seeing textiles in the family home in Kansas in 1962, but he does not mention the tunic specifically. Edwin Rodman died in August, 2000. Michael Rodman found the tunic among his father's belongings and consigned the textile to Steve Berger, whom he had met in Bolivia during the early 1980s, when the younger Rodman was teaching in the American International School in La Paz. Source: Noted in TMS Object Record [Carol Robbins, 12/2/2004].

Catalogue essays

Artist/designers

Cultures

Geography 

Process/materials

Historical periods

Individuals

Subject terms

RELATED OBJECTS 

PROVENANCE 
After 1951-d. 2000: Edwin P. Rodman (d. 2000), collected during the period of his work as a missionary in Bolivia between 1951 and 1985 [1]

2000-early 2000s: his son, Daniel Weller, Berkeley, California, by inheritance [1]

early 2000s-2004: Arte Textil (Steve Berger), San Francisco, on consignment from the above [1], [2]

From 2004: Dallas Museum of Art, The Eugene and Margaret McDermott Art Fund, Inc., in honor of Carol Robbins' 40th anniversary with the Dallas Museum of Art, purchased from Steve Berger (Thomas Murray, agent for Steve Berger), Arte Textil, San Francisco [1], [2], [3]

[1] The main source for this provenance was existing provenance information in TMS. Exceptions and other supporting documents are noted.

[2] The main source for this provenance is a letter from John R. Lane, The Eugene McDermott Director of the Dallas Museum of Art to Mrs. Eugene McDermott (dated December 22, 2004, copy in Dallas Museum of Art Collections Records Object File). Exceptions and other supporting documents are noted.

[3] Works of art given or purchased by The Eugene and Margaret McDermott Art Fund, Inc., a non-profit organization, are placed in the custody of the DMA for the purpose of public display on the premises of the Museum or in other recognized art galleries or museum. The title to all works of art purchased (or otherwise acquired) by the McDermott Art Fund remains with the Fund.

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Objects
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2004.55.McD
tags
hunting: AAT: 300239666
birds (animals): AAT: 300266506
#draft
#completed
@Higgins
*Arts of the Americas
animals (Animalia kingdom): AAT: 300249395
%copyedited_Gail
fertility: AAT: 300379149
effigies (funerary sculpture): AAT: 300047108
effigies (general portraits): 300404933
%Archived
birds (motifs): AAT: 300375751
faces (animal or human components): AAT: 300251798
geometric motifs: AAT: 300009764
geometric patterns: AAT: 300165213
lines (geometric concept): AAT: 300056279
white (color): AAT: 300129784
blue (color): AAT: 300129361
red (color): AAT: 300126225
patterns (design elements): AAT: 300010108
textiles (visual works): AAT: 300014063
landscapes (environments): AAT: 300008626
social status: AAT: 300065206
Peru (nation): TGN: 1000056
eye bands (motif): DMA
brown (color): AAT: 300127490
step pattern: AAT: 300010229
stepped frets (meanders (patterns)/motifs): AAT: 300010171
frets (pattern): AAT: 300010155
black (color): AAT: 300130920
cream (color): AAT: 300266242
duality (concepts): DMA
Wari (Huari): AAT: 300017283
Wari (Huari): TGN: 1024536
Middle Horizon period (Pre-Columbian Andean styles and periods): AAT: 300017300
wars: AAT: 300055314
eyes (animal or human components): AAT: 300400484
warriors: AAT: 300261945
weaving: AAT: 300053642
military uniforms: AAT: 300248030
pink (color): AAT: 300124707
ceramics (object genre): AAT: 300151343
textile materials: AAT: 300231565
embroidering: AAT: 300053653
warp: AAT: 300227930
weft: AAT: 300227934
cotton (fiber): AAT: 300183670
tapestry (process): AAT: 300061981
diagonal: AAT: 300010276
tunics (main garments): AAT: 300209869
camelidae (camelid) fiber: AAT: 300310434
interlocked tapestry: AAT: 300228526
teeth (animal components): AAT: 300400467
blocks (quilt components): AAT: 300204896
bifurcated (two branches or parts / forked): DMA
fangs (teeth): DMA
source file
object_notes_4_b-0078.xml.nores