Maya Eccentric Flint Blades

GENERAL DESCRIPTION
As a material, flint was valued by the Maya and other peoples of Mesoamerica for its ability to strike fire. The Maya associated flint with lightning and believed that where lightning struck, flint was formed. Flint seems to have been fairly accessible in the Maya area (southeastern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, and parts of Honduras and El Salvador), but the finest quality is thought to have come from Belize. And it was in this area, during the period 600-900 CE, that the Maya perfected the art of chipping flint to create thin, flat blades (tok ') for sacrificial and ceremonial use. The reductive knapping process did not allow for error, and Maya archaeologist and scholar David Freidel has described it as requiring the concentration of a chess master. The complex shapes of these objects, which are too fragile for use as cutting tools, have earned them the designation "eccentric flints." They have been found archaeologically in elite tombs, offertory caches associated with dedication and termination rituals for architecture, and stone monuments such as stelae.

In terms of imagery, the most characteristic subject among eccentric flints is a human-like head shown in profile. These often have an element that projects from the forehead, the torch or axe that identifies K'awil, the god of royal lineage. Flint has been described as the essence of K'awil, which may explain the frequency of K'awil profile heads. The word k'awil can also mean image or idol, as well as the supernatural spirit that can occupy a material object. Maya glyphic texts include mention of nobles "conjuring K'awil," or calling forth the spirit in order to empower ceremonies. Such symbolically charged objects may also have functioned as talismans for living kings.

Adapted from
  • Carol Robbins, “Maya Creation and the Stars,” in Dallas Museum of Art 100 Years, eds. Dorothy Kosinski, et al. (Dallas, TX: Dallas Museum of Art, 2003), 46.
  • Carol Robbins, DMA unpublished material, 2009.

NOTES
Archived in TMS under 1983.45.McD.  JRussell 2018

  • NOTE: Please use image in DMA collections. (See rules)
  • General Description drawn from: DMA unpublished material [Carol Robbins, "Acquisition Proposal," in DMA Object File (2009.26) (Dallas: Dallas Museum of Art, 2009 [dated September 24, 2009]), 1-2].

ASSOCIATED CONTENT CHUNKS

AUDIO ASSETS

VIDEO ASSETS
12937062: UMO. Curator Carol Robbins discusses the Eccentric flint depicting a crocodile canoe with passengers (1983.45.McD).

IMAGE ASSETS

WEB RESOURCES

ARCHIVAL RESOURCES

FUN FACTS

TEACHING IDEAS

RULES
SET OPERATOR AS OR
Apply to objects where number equals 2009.26
Apply to objects where number equals 1983.45.McD
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Apply to objects where number equals 1978.39.2
Apply to objects where number equals 1978.39.3
Apply to objects where number equals 2005.26

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General Description
As a material, flint was valued by the Maya and other peoples of Mesoamerica for its ability to strike fire. The Maya associated flint with lightning and believed that where lightning struck, flint was formed. Flint seems to have been fairly accessible in the Maya area (southeastern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, and parts of Honduras and El Salvador), but the finest quality is thought to have come from Belize. And it was in this area, during the period 600-900 CE, that the Maya perfected the art of chipping flint to create thin, flat blades (tok ') for sacrificial and ceremonial use. The reductive knapping process did not allow for error, and Maya archaeologist and scholar David Freidel has described it as requiring the concentration of a chess master. The complex shapes of these objects, which are too fragile for use as cutting tools, have earned them the designation "eccentric flints." They have been found archaeologically in elite tombs, offertory caches associated with dedication and termination rituals for architecture, and stone monuments such as stelae.

In terms of imagery, the most characteristic subject among eccentric flints is a human-like head shown in profile. These often have an element that projects from the forehead, the torch or axe that identifies K'awil, the god of royal lineage. Flint has been described as the essence of K'awil, which may explain the frequency of K'awil profile heads. The word k'awil can also mean image or idol, as well as the supernatural spirit that can occupy a material object. Maya glyphic texts include mention of nobles "conjuring K'awil," or calling forth the spirit in order to empower ceremonies. Such symbolically charged objects may also have functioned as talismans for living kings.

Adapted from
  • Carol Robbins, “Maya Creation and the Stars,” in Dallas Museum of Art 100 Years, eds. Dorothy Kosinski, et al. (Dallas, TX: Dallas Museum of Art, 2003), 46.
  • Carol Robbins, DMA unpublished material, 2009.

Fun Facts

Archival Resources

Web Resources

Notes
Archived in TMS under 1983.45.McD.  JRussell 2018

  • NOTE: Please use image in DMA collections. (See rules)
  • General Description drawn from: DMA unpublished material [Carol Robbins, "Acquisition Proposal," in DMA Object File (2009.26) (Dallas: Dallas Museum of Art, 2009 [dated September 24, 2009]), 1-2].

rules
Apply To
Objects
number
Equals
2009.26
Apply To
Objects
number
Equals
1983.45.McD
Apply To
Objects
number
Equals
1978.39.1
Apply To
Objects
number
Equals
1978.39.2
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Objects
number
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1978.39.3
Apply To
Objects
number
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2005.26
tags
#draft
#completed
@Higgins
*Arts of the Americas
%copyedited_Gail
Mexico (nation): TGN: 7005560
Pre-Columbian (American): AAT: 300016619
%Archived
ceremonial objects: AAT: 300234117
carving (processes): AAT: 300053149
Maya: AAT: 300017826
Lowland Maya: AAT: 300017099
Classic period (Mesoamerican periods and styles): AAT: 300016983
Central America (Mesoamerica): TGN: 7016739
ritual objects: AAT: 300312158
Guatemala (nation): TGN: 7005493
cutting (dividing): AAT: 300053069
blades (tool and equipment components): AAT: 300024917
Honduras (nation): TGN: 7005554
El Salvador (nation): TGN: 7005441
Belize (nation): TGN: 7005346
flint (rock): AAT: 300011143
chipping: AAT: 300053752
eccentric flint (tok' / sacrificial or ceremonial blades): DMA
12937062: UMO
source file
in_focus-0230.xml.nores